有力促進(jìn)世貿(mào)組織新議題討論。中國(guó)推動(dòng)世貿(mào)組織積極回應(yīng)投資便利化、中小微企業(yè)、電子商務(wù)等世貿(mào)組織成員普遍關(guān)注的新議題并開(kāi)展相關(guān)討論。發(fā)起成立“投資便利化之友”，引導(dǎo)70多個(gè)成員達(dá)成《關(guān)于投資便利化的部長(zhǎng)聯(lián)合聲明》。加入“中小微企業(yè)之友”，推介中國(guó)在世貿(mào)組織相關(guān)提案中關(guān)于支持中小微企業(yè)的內(nèi)容。加入“電子商務(wù)發(fā)展之友”，積極推動(dòng)世貿(mào)組織電子商務(wù)議題多邊討論，分享經(jīng)驗(yàn)做法，幫助發(fā)展中成員從發(fā)展電子商務(wù)中受益。
切實(shí)履行《貿(mào)易便利化協(xié)定》。作為發(fā)展中成員，中國(guó)積極推動(dòng)實(shí)施《貿(mào)易便利化協(xié)定》。中國(guó)組建了國(guó)家貿(mào)易便利化委員會(huì)，各有關(guān)部門(mén)通力協(xié)作，提高貿(mào)易便利化水平。截至2017年，各省（自治區(qū)、直轄市）已經(jīng)建立了貿(mào)易便利化工作聯(lián)席會(huì)議制度，積極做好本地區(qū)貿(mào)易便利化相關(guān)工作。在履行該協(xié)定方面，中國(guó)的A類(lèi)措施（協(xié)定生效后立即實(shí)施）所占比重達(dá)到94.5%，目前僅保留4項(xiàng)B類(lèi)措施（協(xié)定生效后經(jīng)過(guò)一定過(guò)渡期后實(shí)施）。中國(guó)將嚴(yán)格履行承諾，在3年過(guò)渡期后如期實(shí)施B類(lèi)措施。
Mobilizing support for discussing new issues in the WTO. China has encouraged the WTO to respond to and discuss new topics of general interest to the members such as investment facilitation, micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs), and e-commerce. China initiated “Friends of Investment Facilitation for Development (FIFD)” and sponsored the Joint Ministerial Statement on Investment Facilitation for Development signed by over 70 members. China joined the “Friends of Micro, Small and Medium-sized Enterprises”, and shared with other members its proposals that support MSMEs. As an advocate of multilateral discussions on e-commerce in the WTO, China joined “Friends of E-commerce for Development (FED)”, shared its experiences and helped other developing members benefit from e-commerce.
Faithfully implementing the Trade Facilitation Agreement. As a developing member, China has actively promoted the implementation of TFA. It has set up the National Committee on Trade Facilitation to coordinate the efforts of relevant government agencies to enhance trade facilitation. By 2017, China’s provinces (as well as autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government) had all established a joint committee mechanism for trade facilitation in their respective jurisdictions. Regarding China’s TFA commitments, 94.5 percent of all commitments fall into Category A (immediately implemented upon entry into force of the TFA), and only four items belong to Category B (implemented after a transitional period following the TFA’s entry into force). China will honor its promise and implement all the Category B measures following a transitional period of three years after entry into force of the Agreement.
（二）有效維護(hù)爭(zhēng)端解決機(jī)制法律地位
積極維護(hù)爭(zhēng)端解決機(jī)制有效運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。世貿(mào)組織爭(zhēng)端解決機(jī)制為保障國(guó)際貿(mào)易可預(yù)見(jiàn)性、維護(hù)多邊貿(mào)易體制穩(wěn)定發(fā)揮了重要作用。中國(guó)積極參與改進(jìn)爭(zhēng)端解決程序的談判，支持世貿(mào)組織上訴機(jī)構(gòu)獨(dú)立公正開(kāi)展上訴審議工作。針對(duì)當(dāng)前個(gè)別世貿(mào)組織成員阻撓上訴機(jī)構(gòu)成員遴選，中國(guó)與60多個(gè)成員聯(lián)署提案，努力推動(dòng)盡快啟動(dòng)遴選程序。
妥善處理與其他成員的貿(mào)易糾紛。中國(guó)主張通過(guò)世貿(mào)組織爭(zhēng)端解決機(jī)制妥善解決貿(mào)易爭(zhēng)端。按照事項(xiàng)統(tǒng)計(jì)，截至2018年4月，中國(guó)在世貿(mào)組織起訴案件17項(xiàng)，已結(jié)案8項(xiàng)；被訴案件27項(xiàng)，已結(jié)案23項(xiàng)。中國(guó)通過(guò)主動(dòng)起訴，遏制了少數(shù)世貿(mào)組織成員的不公正做法，維護(hù)了自身貿(mào)易利益和世貿(mào)規(guī)則權(quán)威。中國(guó)積極應(yīng)對(duì)被訴案件，尊重并認(rèn)真執(zhí)行世貿(mào)組織裁決，作出了符合世貿(mào)規(guī)則的調(diào)整，無(wú)一例被起訴方申請(qǐng)報(bào)復(fù)的情況。
2. Safeguarding the dispute settlement mechanism
Safeguarding the effective operation of the dispute settlement mechanism. The WTO dispute settlement mechanism has played a vital role in maintaining the predictability of international trade and the stability of the multilateral trading system. China has actively participated in the negotiations on improving the Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes and supports the independence and impartiality of the WTO Appellate Body. Despite the attempt of certain WTO member to obstruct the appointment of members of the Appellate Body, China joined more than 60 members in submitting a proposal on starting the selection process at the earliest possible date.
Properly handling trade disputes with other WTO members. China supports WTO members to solve their trade disputes within the WTO dispute settlement mechanism. By April 2018, China had brought 17 disputes to the WTO, of which 8 had been concluded. Meanwhile, China had been complained against in 27 disputes, of which 23 had been concluded. By lodging complaints in the WTO, China redressed other members’ violation of obligations under the covered agreements, and defended its own trade interests as well as the authority of WTO rules. China also actively defended the cases against it, respected the WTO rulings, and made adjustments to its measures according to WTO rules. Up to now, none of the complainants has requested for retaliation against China.
上一篇：《中國(guó)與世界貿(mào)易組織》白皮書(shū)（中英對(duì)照）III
下一篇：《中國(guó)與世界貿(mào)易組織》白皮書(shū)（中英對(duì)照）I
微信公眾號(hào)搜索“譯員”關(guān)注我們，每天為您推送翻譯理論和技巧，外語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)及翻譯招聘信息。