青藏高原森林主要分布在滇西北、藏東南、川西、甘南和青海東部地區(qū)。1950年以來，森林資源在面積、蓄積、類型及空間分布格局等方面均發(fā)生了顯著變化。2016年第九次全國(guó)森林資源清查結(jié)果顯示，西藏林地面積達(dá)1798.19萬(wàn)公頃，森林面積1490.99萬(wàn)公頃，森林覆蓋率12.14%，活立木總蓄積23.05億立方米，與2011年第八次全國(guó)森林資源清查結(jié)果相比，林地與森林面積分別增加14.75萬(wàn)和19.87萬(wàn)公頃，森林覆蓋率提高0.16個(gè)百分點(diǎn)，森林蓄積量增加2047萬(wàn)立方米，實(shí)現(xiàn)了森林面積和蓄積“雙增”。
The forests on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau are mainly distributed in northwest Yunnan, southeast Tibet, west Sichuan, south Gansu, and east Qinghai. Since the 1950s, great changes have taken place in terms of coverage, reserve, type, and spatial distribution of the forests. According to the results of the Ninth National Forest Resource Survey in 2016, in Tibet, the area of forested land was 17.98 million ha, that of forests was 14.91 million ha, the forest coverage rate was 12.14 percent, and the total stock of timber reached 2.3 billion cu m. Compared with the results of the Eighth National Forest Resource Survey conducted in 2011, in Tibet, the area of forested land and that of forests had increased by 147,500 ha and 198,700 ha respectively, the rate of forest coverage went up by 0.16 percentage point, and the stock of timber by 20.47 million cu m, an increase in both forest area and timber stock.
青藏高原是中國(guó)濕地分布最廣、面積最大的區(qū)域。1990年，青藏高原濕地面積約為13.45萬(wàn)平方公里。1990－2006年，青藏高原濕地呈現(xiàn)出持續(xù)退化狀態(tài)，以每年0.13%的速率減少，總面積減少了約3000平方公里。2006年以來，在濕地保護(hù)與自然因素綜合作用下，濕地面積明顯回升。至2011年，僅西藏自治區(qū)和青海省濕地面積已達(dá)14.67萬(wàn)平方公里，濕地退化態(tài)勢(shì)總體上得到遏制。至2014年，青海省濕地面積達(dá)8.14萬(wàn)平方公里。近年來，隨著保護(hù)力度的加大，濕地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)一步好轉(zhuǎn)。
生物多樣性保護(hù)成效顯著
The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau boasts the most and largest area of wetlands in China. In 1990, the total area of wetlands on the Plateau was about 134,500 sq km. From 1990 to 2006, local wetlands suffered continuous degradation at an annual rate of 0.13 percent. In this period, the total area of wetlands had been reduced by 3,000 sq km. Since 2006, due to efforts in conservation and natural environmental factors, the area of wetlands have picked up obviously. By 2011, the wetland area in Tibet Autonomous Region and Qinghai Province alone had reached 146,700 sq km, and the trend of wetland degradation had generally been contained. By 2014, the wetland area in Qinghai had reached 81,400 sq km. In recent years, as China has intensified efforts in conservation, further improvement has been witnessed in the local wetland ecosystem.
Significant achievements have been made in biodiversity protection.
上一篇：《青藏高原生態(tài)文明建設(shè)狀況》白皮書（中英對(duì)照）III
下一篇：《青藏高原生態(tài)文明建設(shè)狀況》白皮書（中英對(duì)照）I
微信公眾號(hào)搜索“譯員”關(guān)注我們，每天為您推送翻譯理論和技巧，外語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)及翻譯招聘信息。