在新一輪科技革命和產(chǎn)業(yè)變革推動下，人工智能、量子信息、大數(shù)據(jù)、云計算、物聯(lián)網(wǎng)等前沿科技加速應(yīng)用于軍事領(lǐng)域，國際軍事競爭格局正在發(fā)生歷史性變化。以信息技術(shù)為核心的軍事高新技術(shù)日新月異，武器裝備遠(yuǎn)程精確化、智能化、隱身化、無人化趨勢更加明顯，戰(zhàn)爭形態(tài)加速向信息化戰(zhàn)爭演變，智能化戰(zhàn)爭初現(xiàn)端倪。
中國特色軍事變革取得重大進展，但機械化建設(shè)任務(wù)尚未完成，信息化水平亟待提高，軍事安全面臨技術(shù)突襲和技術(shù)代差被拉大的風(fēng)險，軍隊現(xiàn)代化水平與國家安全需求相比差距還很大，與世界先進軍事水平相比差距還很大。
Driven by the new round of technological and industrial revolution, the application of cutting-edge technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), quantum information, big data, cloud computing and the Internet of Things is gathering pace in the military field. International military competition is undergoing historic changes. New and high-tech military technologies based on IT are developing rapidly. There is a prevailing trend to develop long-range precision, intelligent, stealthy or unmanned weaponry and equipment. War is evolving in form towards informationized warfare, and intelligent warfare is on the horizon.
Great progress has been made in the Revolution in Military Affairs (RMA) with Chinese characteristics. However, the People’s Liberation Army (PLA) has yet to complete the task of mechanization, and is in urgent need of improving its informationization. China’s military security is confronted by risks from technology surprise and growing technological generation gap. Greater efforts have to be invested in military modernization to meet national security demands. The PLA still lags far behind the world’s leading militaries.
二、新時代中國防御性國防政策
中國的社會主義國家性質(zhì)，走和平發(fā)展道路的戰(zhàn)略抉擇，獨立自主的和平外交政策，“和為貴”的中華文化傳統(tǒng)，決定了中國始終不渝奉行防御性國防政策。
堅決捍衛(wèi)國家主權(quán)、安全、發(fā)展利益
這是新時代中國國防的根本目標(biāo)。
II. China’s Defensive National Defense Policy in the New Era
The socialist system of China, the strategic decision to follow the path of peaceful development, the independent foreign policy of peace, and the best of cultural traditions – considering peace and harmony as fundamentals – determine that China will pursue a national defense policy that is defensive in nature.
Resolutely Safeguarding China’s Sovereignty, Security and Development Interests
This is the fundamental goal of China’s national defense in the new era.
懾止和抵抗侵略，保衛(wèi)國家政治安全、人民安全和社會穩(wěn)定，反對和遏制“臺獨”，打擊“藏獨”“東突”等分裂勢力，保衛(wèi)國家主權(quán)、統(tǒng)一、領(lǐng)土完整和安全。維護國家海洋權(quán)益，維護國家在太空、電磁、網(wǎng)絡(luò)空間等安全利益，維護國家海外利益，支撐國家可持續(xù)發(fā)展。
China’s national defense aims:
?to deter and resist aggression;
?to safeguard national political security, the people’s security and social stability;
?to oppose and contain “Taiwan independence”;
?to crack down on proponents of separatist movements such as “Tibet independence” and the creation of “East Turkistan”;
?to safeguard national sovereignty, unity, territorial integrity and security;
?to safeguard China’s maritime rights and interests;
?to safeguard China’s security interests in outer space, electromagnetic space and cyberspace;
?to safeguard China’s overseas interests; and
?to support the sustainable development of the country.
中國堅定維護國家主權(quán)和領(lǐng)土完整。南海諸島、釣魚島及其附屬島嶼是中國固有領(lǐng)土。中國在南海島礁進行基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，部署必要的防御性力量，在東海釣魚島海域進行巡航，是依法行使國家主權(quán)。中國致力于同直接有關(guān)的當(dāng)事國在尊重歷史事實和國際法的基礎(chǔ)上，通過談判協(xié)商解決有關(guān)爭議。中國堅持同地區(qū)國家一道維護和平穩(wěn)定，堅定維護各國依據(jù)國際法所享有的航行和飛越自由，維護海上通道安全。
China resolutely safeguards its national sovereignty and territorial integrity. The South China Sea islands and Diaoyu Islands are inalienable parts of the Chinese territory. China exercises its national sovereignty to build infrastructure and deploy necessary defensive capabilities on the islands and reefs in the South China Sea, and to conduct patrols in the waters of Diaoyu Islands in the East China Sea. China is committed to resolving related disputes through negotiations with those states directly involved on the basis of respecting historical facts and international law. China continues to work with regional countries to jointly maintain peace and stability. It firmly upholds freedom of navigation and overflight by all countries in accordance with international law and safeguards the security of sea lines of communication (SLOCs).
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