始終堅持社會主義市場經(jīng)濟(jì)改革方向。加快完善社會主義市場經(jīng)濟(jì)體制，健全市場體系，理順政府和市場關(guān)系，使市場在資源配置中起決定性作用，更好發(fā)揮政府作用。廣泛開展世貿(mào)組織規(guī)則宣傳教育，市場意識、競爭意識、規(guī)則意識、法治觀念深入人心。
不斷健全社會主義市場經(jīng)濟(jì)法律體系。堅持依法治國，全面遵守和執(zhí)行世貿(mào)組織規(guī)則，完善基于規(guī)則的市場經(jīng)濟(jì)法律法規(guī)，構(gòu)建符合多邊貿(mào)易規(guī)則的法律體系。加入世貿(mào)組織后，大規(guī)模開展法律法規(guī)清理修訂工作，中央政府清理法律法規(guī)和部門規(guī)章2300多件，地方政府清理地方性政策法規(guī)19萬多件，覆蓋貿(mào)易、投資和知識產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)等各個方面。2014年，制訂進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)貿(mào)易政策合規(guī)工作的政策文件，要求各級政府在擬定貿(mào)易政策的過程中，對照世貿(mào)組織協(xié)定及中國加入承諾進(jìn)行合規(guī)性評估。2016年，建立規(guī)范性文件合法性審查機(jī)制，進(jìn)一步清理規(guī)范性文件，增強(qiáng)公共政策制定透明度和公眾參與度。
Consistently reforming to develop the socialist market economy. China has accelerated efforts to improve the socialist market economy system and strengthen the market system. This has involved reorganizing the relationship between the government and the market, letting the market play the decisive role in resource allocation and the government play its role better. Education campaigns on WTO rules have been extensively rolled out, raising public awareness of the market, competition, rules and the concept of rule of law.
Continuously improving the legal system of socialist market economy. Upholding the rule of law, China has faithfully observed and implemented WTO rules, improved its laws and regulations on market economy, and built up a legal system in line with multilateral trade rules. After its accession, China launched major efforts to review and revise relevant laws and regulations, involving 2,300 laws, regulations and departmental rules at central government level, and 190,000 policies and regulations at sub-central government levels, covering trade, investment, IPR protection, etc. In 2014, China issued an official document on furthering trade policy compliance with WTO rules, requiring government at all levels to assess proposed trade policies in accordance with WTO agreements and China’s commitments. In 2016, China set up a legality review mechanism to examine normative documents, enhancing the transparency of and public participation in policy development.
（二）履行貨物貿(mào)易領(lǐng)域開放承諾
大幅降低進(jìn)口關(guān)稅。減少進(jìn)口成本，促進(jìn)貿(mào)易發(fā)展，讓世界各國更多分享中國經(jīng)濟(jì)增長、消費(fèi)繁榮帶來的紅利。截至2010年，中國貨物降稅承諾全部履行完畢，關(guān)稅總水平由2001年的15.3%降至9.8%。其中，工業(yè)品平均稅率由14.8%降至8.9%；農(nóng)產(chǎn)品平均稅率由23.2%降至15.2%，約為世界農(nóng)產(chǎn)品平均關(guān)稅水平的四分之一，遠(yuǎn)低于發(fā)展中成員56%和發(fā)達(dá)成員39%的平均關(guān)稅水平。農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的最高約束關(guān)稅為65%，而美國、歐盟、日本分別為440%、408%、1706%。
顯著削減非關(guān)稅壁壘。減少不必要的貿(mào)易限制，促進(jìn)貿(mào)易透明暢通。截至2005年1月，中國已按加入承諾全部取消了進(jìn)口配額、進(jìn)口許可證和特定招標(biāo)等非關(guān)稅措施，涉及汽車、機(jī)電產(chǎn)品、天然橡膠等424個稅號產(chǎn)品；對小麥、玉米、大米、食糖、棉花、羊毛、毛條和化肥等關(guān)系國計民生的大宗商品實(shí)行關(guān)稅配額管理。
2. Fulfilling commitments on trade in goods
Substantively reducing import tariffs. By reducing import costs to boost trade, China has shared its development dividend and growing markets with the rest of the world. By 2010, China had fulfilled all of its tariff reduction commitments, reducing the average tariff level from 15.3 percent in 2001 to 9.8 percent. It lowered the average tariff rate of manufactured goods from 14.8 to 8.9 percent. It cut the average tariff rate of agricultural products from 23.2 to 15.2 percent, about one fourth of the global average and far lower than those imposed by the WTO’s developing members (56 percent) and developed members (39 percent). China’s maximum bound tariff rate of agricultural products is 65 percent, while the corresponding rates of the United States, the European Union and Japan are 440, 408 and 1,706 percent respectively.
Significantly lowering non-tariff barriers. To increase transparency and facilitate trade, China has reduced unnecessary trade restrictions. By January 2005, in accordance with its commitments, China had eliminated import quotas, import licenses, specific import tendering requirements and other non-tariff measures with regard to 424 items such as automobiles, machinery and electronics products, and natural rubber. It introduced tariff rate quota administration for important bulk commodities, i.e. wheat, corn, rice, sugar, cotton, wool, wool top, and chemical fertilizers.
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