飛白，又名“非別”、“擬誤”，是指明知其說錯(cuò)或?qū)戝e(cuò)而將錯(cuò)就錯(cuò)，有意如實(shí)記錄（指說話人由于口音或文化水平的關(guān)系讀白了音、寫白了字，用“飛白”以存真）或援用（指說話人或作者有意讀白、寫白以諧趣）下來的修辭方式，分為語音飛白、字形飛白、語義飛白和句子飛白四種。運(yùn)用飛白能逼真地刻畫人物形象并產(chǎn)生幽默諷刺的效果。

與飛白（語音飛白）類似的英語辭格是malapropism（誤用詞語）， 是指有意或無意誤用發(fā)音相似而意義不同的詞語，從而增添語言的趣味性和幽默感。例如(徐鵬1996):

"Ernest，" said Theobald, from the arm-chair in front of the fire, where he was sitting with his hands folded before him, "don't you think it would be very nice if you were to say 'come' like other people,instead of 'turn'？"

"I do say ' turn'，"replied Ernest, meaning that he had said 'come'. (Samuel Butler，The Way of All Fresh)

此例中幼小的Ernest舌位不對(duì)，發(fā)音不準(zhǔn)，將come誤說成tum，十分生動(dòng)真實(shí)地記錄了他的講話神情。從修辭效果來講，下面的譯文是相當(dāng)?shù)轿坏模?/p>

“歐內(nèi)斯特，”西奧博爾德說，他這時(shí)正把兩手交抱在胸前，坐在爐火前面的一把安樂椅上?！澳悴徽J(rèn)為要是你跟別人一樣說‘去’，而不要說‘器’，那聽起來會(huì)讓人舒服多了嗎？”

“我是說的‘器’”歐內(nèi)斯特回答說，意思當(dāng)然是說，他說的是“去”。 (黃雨石譯）

曹雪芹在《紅樓夢(mèng)》中常常有意運(yùn)用“飛白”手法來刻畫人物性格， 渲染場(chǎng)景氣氛，從而推動(dòng)故事情節(jié)的發(fā)展。首先，我們從語音飛白的修辭效果及其翻譯談起。

1) 二人正說著，只見湘云走來，笑道：“愛哥哥，林姐姐，你們天天一處頑，我好容易來了，也不理我一理兒。”黛玉笑道：“偏是咬舌子愛說話，連個(gè)‘二’哥哥也叫不出來，只是‘愛’哥哥‘愛’哥哥的。回來趕圍棋兒，又該你鬧‘么愛三四五’了?！薄嬖菩Φ溃骸斑@一輩子我自然比不上你。我只保佑著明兒得一個(gè)咬舌的林姐夫，時(shí)時(shí)刻刻你可聽 ‘愛’呀‘厄’的去。阿彌陀佛，那才現(xiàn)在我眼里！”（第二十回）

楊譯：

"Why，Ai Brother and Sister Lin!" she cried cheerfully. "You can be together every day, but it's rarely I have a chance to visit you; yet you pay no attention to poor little me. "

"The lisper loves to rattle away," said Daiyu with a laugh. "Fancy saying ai instead of er1(注 1. Er means"two" or "second" and ai "love") like that. I suppose, when we start dicing，you'll be shouting one，love, three，four, five …"

...

"Naturally I'll never come up to you in this lifetime. I just pray that you'll marry a husband who talks like me，so that you hear nothing but 'love' the whole daylong. Amida Buddha! May I live to see that day!"