美國政府在雙邊經(jīng)貿(mào)談判中出爾反爾，不守承諾。中國歷來高度重視維護(hù)中美關(guān)系穩(wěn)定，特別是2017年以來，積極回應(yīng)美國經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)切，以極大的誠意和耐心與美國政府開展了多輪磋商，力圖彌合分歧、解決問題。2018年2月下旬到3月上旬，應(yīng)美國方面強(qiáng)烈要求，中國派團(tuán)赴美舉行經(jīng)貿(mào)談判。4月3日，美國公布對500億美元中國輸美產(chǎn)品加征25%關(guān)稅的產(chǎn)品清單。面對美國反復(fù)無常、不斷抬高要價(jià)的行為，中國本著最大限度通過對話解決問題的誠意，于5月初與來華談判的美國代表進(jìn)行了認(rèn)真磋商。5月15日至19日，中國應(yīng)美國要求再次派代表團(tuán)赴美談判，并在談判中對美國訴求做了積極回應(yīng)。雙方在付出艱辛努力后，達(dá)成“雙方不打貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)”的共識，并于5月19日對外發(fā)表了聯(lián)合聲明。但是，僅僅10天之后，美國政府就公然撕毀雙方剛剛達(dá)成的聯(lián)合聲明，背棄不打貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)的承諾，越過世界貿(mào)易組織爭端解決機(jī)制，宣布將對來自中國的產(chǎn)品實(shí)施大規(guī)模征稅措施，單方面挑起貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)（專欄7）。

　　圖表：專欄7 美方撕毀2018年5月19日中美經(jīng)貿(mào)磋商聯(lián)合聲明 新華社發(fā)

The US administration has repeatedly backtracked and reneged on its commitments in bilateral trade negotiations. China sets great store by a stable China-US relationship. It has actively responded to the trade concerns of the US, especially since 2017. Multiple rounds of talks have been conducted with the US administration with utmost sincerity and patience, in an effort to narrow differences and solve problems. In response to a strong request from the US, China sent a delegation to the US for trade talks between late February and early March 2018. Yet on April 3, the US announced a 25 percent tariff on a list of Chinese exports worth US$50 billion. Despite this repeated backtracking and in the face of rising demands from the US, China has demonstrated complete sincerity in seeking a negotiated solution, and sat down for earnest consultations with a visiting US delegation in early May. At the US request, China sent another delegation to the US which actively responded to the US concerns in negotiations between 15 and 19 of May. Thanks to the strenuous efforts of both sides, a consensus was reached “not to fight a trade war”, and a joint statement was released on May 19. However, only 10 days later, the US administration tore up the freshly inked joint statement and broke its promise not to engage in a trade war. It bypassed the dispute settlement system of the WTO to announce massive tariffs on Chinese exports, thus unilaterally starting a new phase of conflict (Box 7).

　　五、美國政府不當(dāng)做法對世界經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的危害

　　美國政府采取的一系列極端貿(mào)易保護(hù)措施，破壞了國際經(jīng)濟(jì)秩序，傷害了包括中美經(jīng)貿(mào)交往在內(nèi)的全球經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系，沖擊了全球價(jià)值鏈和國際分工體系，干擾了市場預(yù)期，引發(fā)國際金融和大宗商品市場劇烈震蕩，成為全球經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇的最大不確定因素和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)源。

V. Damage of the improper practices of the US administration to global economy

The US government has taken extreme trade protectionist measures, which have undermined the international economic order, caused damage to China-US trade and trade relations around the world, disrupted the global value chain and the international division of labor, upset market expectations, and led to violent swings in the international financial and commodity markets. It has become the greatest source of uncertainty and risk for the recovery of the global economy.