青海省著力打造糧油種植、畜禽養(yǎng)殖、果品蔬菜和枸杞沙棘“四個(gè)百億元”產(chǎn)業(yè)。種植業(yè)“糧經(jīng)飼”三元結(jié)構(gòu)加快優(yōu)化，全國(guó)草地生態(tài)畜牧業(yè)實(shí)驗(yàn)區(qū)建設(shè)穩(wěn)步推進(jìn)，現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)示范區(qū)和產(chǎn)業(yè)園加快建設(shè)。截至“十二五”末，全省家庭農(nóng)牧場(chǎng)發(fā)展到1879家，各類合作社發(fā)展到8876家，培育農(nóng)牧業(yè)龍頭企業(yè)451家。特色作物種植比重達(dá)到85%，農(nóng)作物、畜禽和水產(chǎn)品良種覆蓋率分別達(dá)到96%、62%和95%。無(wú)公害、綠色和有機(jī)農(nóng)畜產(chǎn)品年生產(chǎn)總量達(dá)109萬(wàn)噸，農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量追溯體系逐步建立。東部特色種養(yǎng)高效示范區(qū)、環(huán)湖農(nóng)牧交錯(cuò)循環(huán)發(fā)展先行區(qū)、青南生態(tài)有機(jī)畜牧業(yè)保護(hù)發(fā)展區(qū)和沿黃冷水養(yǎng)殖適度開發(fā)帶“三區(qū)一帶”農(nóng)牧業(yè)發(fā)展格局初步形成。
Qinghai Province focuses on four industries, i.e., grain and oil crop, livestock and poultry, fruit and vegetable, and Chinese wolfberry and sea buckthorn. Each of these represents output value of more than RMB10 billion. The speed of optimization of a ternary structure of grain, cash and forage crops is picking up. The building of national grassland ecological animal husbandry pilot areas, modern agriculture demonstration zones and industrial parks are making headway. By the end of the 12th Five-year Plan, there were 1,879 family farms and pastures, 8,876 cooperatives of various types, and 451 leading agriculture and animal husbandry enterprises in Qinghai. Crops unique to the region represented 85 percent of planting by area, and the coverage rate of improved varieties of crops was 96 percent. The corresponding figures for improved breeds of livestock & poultry and aquatic products were 62 percent and 95 percent. The total annual output of eco-friendly green and organic agricultural and livestock products reached 1.09 million tons. An agricultural products quality traceability system has been implemented. A “three areas and one zone” development framework for agriculture and animal husbandry is in place; this refers to a characteristic planting and high efficiency demonstration area in the east, a circular economic development pilot area in a farming-pastoral ecotone area around the lake, an ecological and organic animal husbandry protection and development area in southern Qinghai, and a cold water moderate aquaculture development zone along the Yellow River.
甘肅省甘南州實(shí)施藏區(qū)青稞基地及產(chǎn)業(yè)化工程和高原優(yōu)質(zhì)油菜、高原中藥材（含藏藥材）基地建設(shè)，加快發(fā)展特色種植業(yè)、經(jīng)濟(jì)林果業(yè)和林下產(chǎn)業(yè)。四川省甘孜州、阿壩州實(shí)施生態(tài)文明建設(shè)與發(fā)展生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)有機(jī)結(jié)合，打造特色農(nóng)牧業(yè)和特色林果業(yè)“兩個(gè)百萬(wàn)畝”產(chǎn)業(yè)基地，以及花椒、森林蔬菜、木本藥材等特色種植基地。云南省迪慶州高原特色農(nóng)業(yè)種植面積達(dá)9.07萬(wàn)公頃，2017年產(chǎn)值達(dá)19億元。
In order to accelerate the development of its growing industry unique to the region, forest & fruit industries, and the industry of byproducts of forests, Gansu Province’s Gannan Prefecture focuses on the building of a highland barley base and barley industrialization project in the Tibetan-inhabited area, construction of the bases of highland quality rape and traditional Chinese medicine (including Tibetan medicine). Sichuan Province’s Garze Prefecture and Aba Prefecture integrate ecological progress with ecological agriculture, construct bases for characteristic agriculture & animal husbandry and the forest & fruit industries each covering a total area of more than 100 million mu (133,400 ha.), and develop planting bases for Chinese prickly ash, forest vegetables, and woody herbs. In 2017, the area for growing crops unique to the locality in Yunnan Province’s Deqen Prefecture reached 90,700 ha., turning out an output value of RMB1.9 billion.
綠色能源產(chǎn)業(yè)快速發(fā)展
青藏高原擁有豐富的水能、太陽(yáng)能、地?zé)崮艿染G色能源。近年來(lái)，青藏高原各省區(qū)基本構(gòu)建了以水電、太陽(yáng)能等為主體的可再生能源產(chǎn)業(yè)體系，保障了區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展與環(huán)境保護(hù)的協(xié)調(diào)推進(jìn)。
青藏高原多條大江大河流經(jīng)高山峽谷，蘊(yùn)藏著豐富的水能資源。西藏水能資源技術(shù)可開發(fā)量為1.74億千瓦，位居全國(guó)第一，近年來(lái)建成了多布、金河、直孔等中型水電站，至2017年年底，全區(qū)水電裝機(jī)容量達(dá)到177萬(wàn)千瓦，占全區(qū)總裝機(jī)容量的56.54%。青海水能資源技術(shù)可開發(fā)量為2400萬(wàn)千瓦，建成了龍羊峽、拉西瓦、李家峽等一批大型水電工程，至2016年年底，青海省水電裝機(jī)容量達(dá)1192萬(wàn)千瓦。四川省甘孜州和阿壩州水能技術(shù)可開發(fā)量約5663萬(wàn)千瓦，已建成水電總裝機(jī)容量達(dá)1708萬(wàn)千瓦。
Green energy develops rapidly.
The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is rich in hydro energy, solar energy, geothermal energy, and other green energies. In recent years, the provinces and autonomous regions on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau have each built its own basic renewable energy industry system focusing on hydroelectricity and solar energy to support the coordinated development of the regional economy and environmental protection.
On the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, many big rivers, running through high mountains and canyons, boast significant potential for hydropower development. Tibet leads the country with 174 million kW of potential hydropower. In recent years, Tibet has built three medium-scale hydropower stations, i.e., Duobu, Jinhe and Drigung. By the end of 2017, Tibet’s installed hydropower capacity was 1.77 million kW, accounting for 56.54 percent of the region’s total installed capacity. With 24 million kW of exploitable hydropower resources, Qinghai Province has built three large hydropower projects, i.e., Longyang Gorge, Laxiwa, and Lijia Gorge. By the end of 2016, Qinghai’s installed hydropower capacity was 11.92 million kW. Sichuan Province’s Garze Prefecture and Aba Prefecture boast 56.63 million kW of exploitable hydropower, and 17.08 million kW of installed capacity in completed hydropower stations.
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