政治經(jīng)濟習語的形象表達與指稱意義的解讀
2017-05-27 14:55:27 etogether.net 網(wǎng)絡(luò) 次
8. 現(xiàn)在的問題是抓“落實”，以確保己出臺的政策措施全部到位。
To ensure full implementation of the policies and measures already introduced, the question now is how to bring them into effect.
字面上看，英語的“抓”，“出臺”，“到位”都不合此上下文，這是漢語的形象表達，在譯文中要用“使生效”、“實行”和“執(zhí)行”才能將英語的實際指稱竟義表達出來。
9. 我們的國民經(jīng)濟計劃總體來說只能是扭線條的和有殫性的，只能是通過計劃的綜合平衡和絞濟手段調(diào)節(jié)，做到大的方面管住管好、小的方面放開放活。
Our national economic plans on the whole can only be rough and elastic and that we can do no more than, by striking an overall balance in planning and through regulation by economic means, exercise effective control over major issues while allowing flexibility on minor ones.
“有彈性”基本為直譯，但“粗線條”卻丟掉了原漢語形象而轉(zhuǎn)譯為"rough (粗略的）”；“大的……管好”、“小的……放活”分別譯為“大事有效控制，小事給與靈活性”，解讀正確，恰如其分地再現(xiàn) 了該原漢語形象的實際指稱意義，現(xiàn)在這類說法越來越通俗，如 “抓好大的，放活小的”,甚至還有“抓大放小”等各種說法，值得注意。
10.實行“八七扶貧攻堅計劃”。
To carry out the plan to assist 80 million people in haying sufficient food and clothing within seven years.
“七年扶助八千萬人解決衣食問題”；“攻堅”并非真打仗，實則是一神流行說法。
11.按照“穩(wěn)住一頭，放開一片”的方計，加強科技系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整和人才合理分流。
In accordance with the principle of “concentrating on scientific and technological research and at the same time encouraging the commercializtion of research resultswe should accelerate the restructuring of the management system, and the rational flow of personnel.
“穩(wěn)住”、“放幵”非常形象，“一頭’’、“一片”也很通俗，但外國人卻難解其意。其實在此上下文中，它實指“著重科研同時提倡商業(yè)效益”，英語中的確沒有這種形象表達。
12.這種模式的主要弊端是：政企職責不分，條塊分割，國家對企業(yè)統(tǒng)得過死......
Following are the major defects of this structure ： No clear destination has been drawn between the functions of the government and those of the enterprise; barriers exist between different departments or between different regions；the state has exercised excessive and rigid control over enterprises...
漢語的“條塊分割”這一形象說法實指“部門間、地區(qū)間存在障礙而被阻隔”。惝若取“形”而舍“義”，定會不知此處“條塊”為何物。
上一篇：政治、經(jīng)濟用語的字面意義與內(nèi)涵表達
下一篇：人權(quán)外交口譯例文
微信公眾號搜索“譯員”關(guān)注我們，每天為您推送翻譯理論和技巧，外語學習及翻譯招聘信息。