語(yǔ)義信息是基礎(chǔ)。沒(méi)有語(yǔ)義信息就沒(méi)有風(fēng)格信息或文化信息，因?yàn)轱L(fēng)格信息 和文化信息必須通過(guò)語(yǔ)言的基本含義表現(xiàn)出來(lái)。語(yǔ)言是信息的載體，語(yǔ)言若沒(méi)有 傳遞信息，風(fēng)格信息和文化信息就無(wú)從談起。風(fēng)格和文化只有通過(guò)語(yǔ)義信息才能反映出來(lái)。
語(yǔ)義信息包括表層結(jié)構(gòu)信息和深層結(jié)構(gòu)信息。我們劃分表層結(jié)構(gòu)信息和深層結(jié)構(gòu)信息主要是要說(shuō)明表達(dá)意思和傳達(dá)信息的兩種不同方式。表層結(jié)構(gòu)信息指的是話語(yǔ)或語(yǔ)篇的字面意思。例如：
The New York Port Authority stipulates that barium carbonate should be packaged in fibre drums instead of in bags. The leakage was attributed to your failure to effect shipment according to the packing terms as stipulated in the contract.
譯文：紐約港務(wù)局規(guī)定碳酸鋇應(yīng)用纖維材料制成的桶裝，而不應(yīng)袋裝。泄漏是由于貴方未按合同規(guī)定的包裝發(fā)貨所致。
此例是關(guān)于貿(mào)易運(yùn)輸中貨物出現(xiàn)問(wèn)題時(shí)的函件。原文字面意思十分明確，譯文己將原文的表層信息傳遞出來(lái)了。
深層結(jié)構(gòu)信息指的是表層結(jié)構(gòu)語(yǔ)言所蘊(yùn)涵的意思。換言之，是“字里行間”的意思，這種意思要通過(guò)上下文揣測(cè)出來(lái)。要了解深層結(jié)構(gòu)信息，譯者需要運(yùn)用他對(duì)原語(yǔ)社會(huì)、歷史、文化、藝術(shù)、專業(yè)知識(shí)等方面的知識(shí)能力，去感受、體會(huì)和挖掘原文所蘊(yùn)涵的深層結(jié)構(gòu)信息。例如：
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