that作為連詞是科技英語中使用最廣泛、出現(xiàn)頻率最高的連詞之一,主要有以下幾種譯法:
1. 引導(dǎo)名詞性從句
that作為從屬連詞,可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句,即主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句以及同位語從句,而that在這些從句中沒有具體含義,只是起連接作用,故在翻譯這些從句時(shí),that通常省略不譯。
* It is recommended that a gauging with GO screw caliper gages should be supplemented by with the GO screw ring gage.
我們建議用通端螺紋卡規(guī)測(cè)量時(shí),應(yīng)當(dāng)用通端螺紋環(huán)規(guī)來補(bǔ)充。(that引導(dǎo)主語從句)
* Whenever we can see that a body has the ability to do work we say that the body possesses energy.
每當(dāng)我們看到物體有做功的能力時(shí),我們可以說該物體具有能量。(that引導(dǎo)賓語從句)
* One advantage of this car is that it has very low fuel consumption.
這種汽車的一個(gè)優(yōu)點(diǎn)是它的耗油量極低。(that引導(dǎo)表語從句)
* Study of the sun has led astrophysicists to the conclusion that fusion between hydrogen nuclei is the source of the sun's energy.?
對(duì)太陽的研究使天體物理學(xué)家得出結(jié)論:氫原子核之間的聚變是太陽能的來源。(that 引導(dǎo)同位語從句)
2. 引導(dǎo)定語從句
that在引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)作關(guān)系代詞,并在從句中充當(dāng)某一成分。that主要引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句。如果定語從句不長(zhǎng)的話,一般都將定語從句譯為“的”字結(jié)構(gòu),作先行詞的前置定語。如果定語從句較長(zhǎng),常常把定語從句譯為ー個(gè)并列分句或轉(zhuǎn)譯為其他狀語從句。