Keynote Speech by H.E. Liu Xiaoming, Chinese Ambassador to the UK, at the Meeting with the Defence Correspondents' Association: Shoulder Common Responsibilities and Bridge the "Peace Deficit"
各位記者朋友，
大家下午好！
很高興出席防務(wù)記者協(xié)會舉行的午餐座談會，就中國的外交與國防政策以及一些大家關(guān)心的問題交流看法。
當前，世界正處于百年未有之大變局。和平與發(fā)展仍是時代主題，但國際安全形勢面臨的不穩(wěn)定性、不確定性更加突出，世界并不太平。霸權(quán)主義、單邊主義、民粹主義日益抬頭，地區(qū)沖突和局部戰(zhàn)爭此起彼伏，極端主義和恐怖主義還在蔓延，國際安全體系和秩序日益受到侵蝕。正如習近平主席指出的，國際社會正面臨“和平赤字”的巨大挑戰(zhàn)。那么，如何才能破解“和平赤字”？今天，我想就“中國怎么辦”和“世界怎么辦”談幾點看法。
Friends from the Press:
Good afternoon!
It is a real delight to join you and talk about China's foreign and defence policies and other issues of interests.
The world is undergoing profound changes unseen in a century. Peace and development remain the theme of our times. But as instabilities and uncertainties are on the rise, the world is far from a tranquil place. With surging hegemonism, unilateralism and populism, incessant regional conflicts and wars, and spreading extremism and terrorism, the international security system and order are under threat.
As President Xi Jinping said, the international community is faced with the severe challenge of "peace deficit". How to bridge the "peace deficit"? Today, I would like to share with you my views on what China and the world can do.
首先，“中國怎么辦”？中國的答案是一條道路、一個觀念、一項使命：
第一，堅持走和平發(fā)展道路。中國“以和為貴”的文化傳統(tǒng)、社會主義的國家性質(zhì)和獨立自主的外交政策，決定了中國始終不渝地走和平發(fā)展道路。這是中國根據(jù)時代發(fā)展潮流和國家根本利益作出的戰(zhàn)略抉擇，毫不動搖。中國無論發(fā)展到什么程度，也永遠不稱霸、永不擴張、永不謀求勢力范圍。中國將繼續(xù)走和平發(fā)展道路，在和平共處五項原則基礎(chǔ)上深化同各國的友好合作，同時希望各國一起走和平發(fā)展道路，共同促進世界的長久和平穩(wěn)定。
First, what can China do to bridge the "peace deficit"? The answer lies in China's path, concept and mission.
First, China takes the path of peaceful development.
China is a socialist country with a peace-loving tradition and an independent foreign policy. The path of peaceful development is a natural choice for China. China has made this strategic choice in accordance with the trend of the times and China's fundamental national interests. We are committed to this path. It is true that China is developing and becoming stronger, but we will never seek hegemony, expansion or sphere of influence.
China will deepen friendly relations with all countries under the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence. At the same time, China hopes that other countries would also follow the path of peaceful development and work with China to build enduring peace and sustainable stability in the world.
中國堅定奉行防御性國防政策。新中國成立70年來，中國沒有主動挑起過任何一場戰(zhàn)爭和沖突。改革開放以來，中國主動裁減軍隊員額400萬。中國保持有限的核力量，完全是為了防御和威懾。中國是核大國中唯一承諾不首先使用核武器的國家。在聯(lián)合國安理會五常中，中國國防費占國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值比重、人均國防費都是最低的，2019年規(guī)模僅相當于美國1/4。近10年來，中國國防費占國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值比重平均為1.32%，遠低于2.4%的世界平均水平，中國人均國防費僅為美國的1/18、英國的1/9。
China's defence policy is defensive in nature. In the past 70 years since the founding of New China, China has never started a single war or conflict. It has even cut down military personnel by 4 million over the past 40 years.
China maintains limited nuclear power only for the purpose of self-defence and deterrence. China is the only nuclear power in the world to have promised no first use of nuclear weapons.
Of the five permanent members of the UN Security Council, China has the lowest level of military expenditure both as percentage of GDP and in per capita terms. In 2019, it is only one fourth of that of the US. In recent decade, China's military expenditure had been around the level of 1.32% of GDP, far below the 2.4% world average. In per capita terms, China's military spending was only one eighteenth of the US and one ninth of the UK.
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