中國對外援助資金主要有3種類型：無償援助、無息貸款和優(yōu)惠貸款。其中，無償援助和無息貸款資金在國家財(cái)政項(xiàng)下支出，優(yōu)惠貸款由中國政府指定中國進(jìn)出口銀行對外提供。截至2009年底，中國累計(jì)對外提供援助金額達(dá)2562.9億元人民幣，其中無償援助1062億元，無息貸款765.4億元，優(yōu)惠貸款735.5億元。
對外援助支出是國家財(cái)政支出的一部分。援外預(yù)算資金由財(cái)政部按預(yù)決算制統(tǒng)一管理。商務(wù)部及國務(wù)院其他參與對外援助管理的部門，根據(jù)職責(zé)分工具體管理本部門的援外資金。各部門結(jié)合對外援助任務(wù)，堅(jiān)持量力而行的原則編制年度對外援助項(xiàng)目支出預(yù)算，經(jīng)財(cái)政部審核并報(bào)請國務(wù)院和全國人民代表大會批準(zhǔn)后執(zhí)行。各部門對援外項(xiàng)目資金實(shí)行預(yù)算控制管理。財(cái)政部和國家審計(jì)署根據(jù)國家有關(guān)法律、法規(guī)和財(cái)務(wù)規(guī)章制度對主管部門援外支出預(yù)算執(zhí)行情況進(jìn)行監(jiān)督檢查。
Financial resources provided by China for foreign aid mainly fall into three types: grants (aid gratis), interest-free loans and concessional loans. The first two come from China’s state finances, while concessional loans are provided by the Export-Import Bank of China as designated by the Chinese government. By the end of 2009, China had provided a total of 256.29 billion yuan in aid to foreign countries, including 106.2 billion yuan in grants, 76.54 billion yuan in interest-free loans and 73.55 billion yuan in concessional loans.
Foreign aid expenditure is part of the state expenditure, under the unified management of the Ministry of Finance in its budgets and final accounts system. The Ministry of Commerce and other departments under the State Council that are responsible for the management of foreign aid handle financial resources for foreign aid in their own departments in accordance with their respective jurisdictions. Each of these departments draws up a budget for foreign aid projects every year and submits it to the Ministry of Finance for examination, and then to the State Council and the National People’s Congress for approval and implementation. Each department controls and manages its own funds for foreign aid projects in its budget. The Ministry of Finance and the National Audit Office supervise and audit the implementation of foreign aid budget funds of these departments based on relevant state laws, regulations and financial rules.
無償援助
無償援助主要用于幫助受援國建設(shè)醫(yī)院、學(xué)校、低造價(jià)住房、打井供水項(xiàng)目等中小型社會福利性項(xiàng)目。此外，無償援助還用于實(shí)施人力資源開發(fā)合作、技術(shù)合作、物資援助、緊急人道主義援助等領(lǐng)域的項(xiàng)目。
無息貸款
Grants
Grants are mainly used to help recipient countries to build hospitals, schools and low-cost houses, and support well-digging or water-supply projects, and other medium and small projects for social welfare. In addition, grants are used in projects in the fields of human resources development cooperation, technical cooperation, assistance in kind and emergency humanitarian aid.
Interest-free Loans
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