Episode一詞在醫(yī)學(xué)文章中用得相當(dāng)頻繁。但它在一般字典上的釋義卻是：①（文藝作品中的）一段情節(jié)；（幾部曲中的）一部曲，插曲；②（一系列事件中的）一個(gè)事件。顯然，這些詞義都與醫(yī)學(xué)沒(méi)有什么聯(lián)系?？疾靍pisode在醫(yī)學(xué)文章中的用法，可以確定它的基本詞義是attack，onset（發(fā)作）。但在翻譯成漢語(yǔ)時(shí)，則可能有多種表達(dá)法?，F(xiàn)歸納如下：
一、在心臟病、精神病、癲病等陣發(fā)性疾病中，常譯為“發(fā)作”
1. Although, by definition, no patient presented an acute episode of collapse, three patients had a sudden acute exacerbation of symptoms during the course of their illness.
根據(jù)定義，雖然沒(méi)有一個(gè)病人出現(xiàn)虛脫急性發(fā)作，但有三人在生病期間，癥狀突然急性惡化。
2. The episodes of bigeminy and ventricular tachycardia were sorted in descending order so that the 10 longest episodes were always reviewed.
室性二聯(lián)律和室性心動(dòng)過(guò)速發(fā)作以遞降順序分類，所以總是要觀察十次最長(zhǎng)的發(fā)作。
二、譯成“發(fā)病”、“發(fā)生”、“復(fù)發(fā)”
3. Episodes of low cardiac output which were accompanied by significant increases in PAP/AOP ratio occurred in 20 patients and were managed by alteration and/or administration of pulmonary vasodilators.
在二十個(gè)患有低心輸出血量發(fā)病的患者中，伴有肺動(dòng)脈壓和主動(dòng)脈壓比率明顯增加，其處理方法是改善通氣和/或給以肺血管擴(kuò)張劑。
4. The other two patients died of other serious concurrent illness after showing signs of recovering from their embolic episode.
其余兩個(gè)病人在栓塞發(fā)生后的恢復(fù)期，由于其他嚴(yán)重并發(fā)癥而死亡。
三、與數(shù)詞連用，常譯成“……次”或“發(fā)作……次”
5. About five episodes of nausea and vomiting were associated withthis pain.
隨疼痛出現(xiàn)了大約五次惡心和嘔吐。
6. We have summarized our follow-up information on patients with variant angina. We observed five episodes of cardiac arrest in a total of 23 patients with proven coronary artery spasm.
我們已總結(jié)了隨訪變異性心絞痛病人的資料。在總共23例經(jīng)證明為冠脈痙攣病人中，我們觀察到五次心跳驟停。
四、有時(shí)可省略不譯
7. Did he come out of this episode of unconsciousness?
他蘇醒過(guò)來(lái)了嗎？
8. However, in cases that had episodes of increased PAP/AOP ratio, the mean duration of function was increased to five days, and this was almost certainly related to the use of continuous tolazoline infusion through the catheter.
然而，在患有增加肺動(dòng)脈壓和主動(dòng)脈壓比率的病例中，平均效用時(shí)間增加到五天，這幾乎肯定與通過(guò)導(dǎo)管繼續(xù)輸入抗腎上腺素有關(guān)。
五、有時(shí)還可譯成“現(xiàn)象”、“情況”
9. However, in our experience some patients, in whom a high pulmonary vascular resistance was successfully lowered by the above measures, have had episodes of increased pulmonary vascular resistance post-operatively accompanied by clinical deterioration, which in some cases was extremely rapid.
然而，根據(jù)我們的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，通過(guò)上述措施，某些病人的肺血管阻力成功地降低了，但術(shù)后由于臨床惡化并在某些病例中發(fā)展很快，所以仍有肺血管阻力增高的現(xiàn)象。
責(zé)任編輯：admin
上一篇：醫(yī)學(xué)詞語(yǔ)“患”字英譯法
下一篇：藥品說(shuō)明書(shū)的翻譯
微信公眾號(hào)搜索“譯員”關(guān)注我們，每天為您推送翻譯理論和技巧，外語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)及翻譯招聘信息。