過(guò)于冗長(zhǎng)或結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜的句子，口譯時(shí)總是可以分成若干簡(jiǎn)短的單句來(lái)表達(dá)。

(1) 書(shū)面體: Over the long years, whichever exploiting class that controlled national or local power, irrespective of the nationality to which it belonged, invariably pursued a policy of national oppression against the other nationalities and brought misery to people of all the nationalities, with the smaller ones suffering the most severely.

口語(yǔ)體：Over the long years, no matter which exploiting class controlled national or local power, and no matter which nationality it belonged, it always oppressed and brought misery to the people of all the nationalities. The smaller ones suffered the most.

(2) 書(shū)面體: In September 1990, the All-China Women's Federation and State Statistical Bureau jointly conducted a survey of the social status of Chinese women by giving out questionnaires to over 40,000 men and women between 16 to 64 years old in urban and rural areas in 21 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities.

口語(yǔ)體：In September 1990, the All-China Women's Federation and State Statistical Bureau jointly conducted a survey of the social status of Chinese women. Questionnaires were given out to over 40,000 men and women between 16 to 64 years old in urban and rural areas in 21 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities.

即席發(fā)言或未經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備的自由交談還常出現(xiàn)重復(fù)，不完全句等等。說(shuō)話者有時(shí)會(huì)遲疑，在思考如何表達(dá)時(shí)，為保證交談不間斷地，較自然地進(jìn)行。人們常用語(yǔ)言學(xué)上稱(chēng)為、填補(bǔ)詞語(yǔ)”(hesitation fillers)，如用r, m，oh, now, well, you see, you know, I mean, shall I say等等，表示“思考”、“默許”、“辯解”等意思。像I know, I see, I suppose, I'm afraid, they tell me, you know, mind you, to be honest/frank, generally speaking, all in all, as you see, as I said, so to speak等帶說(shuō)明性質(zhì)的分句，短語(yǔ)，可能出現(xiàn)在句首、句中或句尾，在非正式文體中大都在句尾。

在交談中，說(shuō)話者不能或不需要十分確切地表達(dá)時(shí)，也常用kind of, sort of, what-do-you-call-it 一類(lèi)詞語(yǔ)。以上詞語(yǔ)以及非強(qiáng)調(diào)性的重復(fù)，譯員無(wú)須譯出，如：

This competition hall can hold...er...well...10,000 spectators, ...oh, no...it's...it's 12,000, that's right, 12,000, they tell me.

這句話，譯員只需要譯作“這個(gè)比賽大廳可以容納12,000觀眾”就可以了。

譯員服務(wù)的對(duì)象不可能個(gè)個(gè)都是思維敏捷、表達(dá)簡(jiǎn)練而有條理的人；交談?wù)呖梢圆簧蒲赞o、講話重復(fù)啰唆，但是學(xué)語(yǔ)言、以語(yǔ)言為服務(wù)工具的譯員不能這樣。他必須做到語(yǔ)言表達(dá)簡(jiǎn)潔、清楚，有條理。這是需要從事口譯工作的人不斷努力的。

3. 詞匯層次

除非在非常正式的場(chǎng)合，英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)體常采用許多使用頻率較高的常用詞（其中不少是盎格魯-撒克遜詞）及單音節(jié)或少音節(jié)的“小詞”以及概括性強(qiáng)（general）的詞和縮略詞。學(xué)會(huì)靈活使用這類(lèi)詞，不僅僅是口語(yǔ)體本身的要求，也有助于譯員提高口譯速度，隨機(jī)應(yīng)變，擺脫困境。如一時(shí)翻不出來(lái)“四合院”、“豆汁”、“京韻大鼓”，至少可以用 house,(soft) drink, singing performance這類(lèi)概括性強(qiáng)的詞加上 a kind of 來(lái)解釋。

試比較下面的詞匯和詞組，后面的詞/詞組都比前面的簡(jiǎn)單常用:

conclude/end; commence/begin; inform/tell; proceed/go; amalgamate/combine; proclaim/announce; utilize/make use of; investigate/look into; telephone/phone; photograph/photo; influenza/flu; laboratory/lab; television/ TV

又如：

書(shū)面體：Early this month, nine privately funded full-time primary and middle schools were established in Shanghai. This has brought the number of non-state schools in the country's largest metropolis to 15.

口語(yǔ)體：Early this month, nine private full-time primary and middle schools were set up in Shanghai. Now there are 15 such private schools in the city.

口譯時(shí)，除非說(shuō)話者使用非正式色彩較濃的語(yǔ)體，一般應(yīng)避免使用俚語(yǔ)。如用lousy 表示bad, terrible, inferior;用 swell (Am.E.)表示good, excellent outstanding, notable, distinguished等等。

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