1. 語(yǔ)音層次

由于英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)音中音位的同化(assimilation)、音長(zhǎng)(lengthening)、連讀(liaison)和省略 (elision)等現(xiàn)象，口語(yǔ)體具有發(fā)音流暢、容易上口、快速、大量采用單音節(jié)或少音節(jié)詞匯以及省略或合成音位、音節(jié)等特點(diǎn)。下面的例子常見(jiàn)于中間語(yǔ)體尤其是非正式語(yǔ)體中，由于同化和元音、音節(jié)的省略，原來(lái)兩個(gè)或三個(gè)單詞合成了一個(gè)，如，

don't know → dunno

this year → thish-yer

last year → las-cher

because; of course → 'cos

must have → must of

lot of → lotta

rock and roll → rock 'n' roll

What is the matter? → Whatsa matter?

此外，譯員還應(yīng)根據(jù)說(shuō)話者的語(yǔ)調(diào)、重音、語(yǔ)速、節(jié)奏等正確把握信息。并在口譯時(shí)適當(dāng)運(yùn)用語(yǔ)調(diào)、重音等將說(shuō)話者的中心思想以及“熱情”、“冷淡”、“憤怒”、“風(fēng)趣”等情緒或態(tài)度準(zhǔn)確地表達(dá)出來(lái)。

2. 語(yǔ)法和句法層次

和書(shū)面體相比，英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)體的句子較簡(jiǎn)短，結(jié)構(gòu)也要松弛、靈活得多。如用并列句代替主從復(fù)合句，或干脆省略連接詞，用動(dòng)詞的縮略形式等等。如:

I'll stay in Beijing until the end of next week --- (because) I want to discuss the matter with Mr. Zhu.

英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)體一般不用分詞短語(yǔ)或無(wú)動(dòng)詞分句的形式，而用支句或單獨(dú)分句。如：

(1) 書(shū)面體: Known abroad as kungfu or martial arts, wushu has been practiced for several thousand years by the working people in China

口語(yǔ)體：Wushu is known abroad as kungfu or martial arts; it has been practiced for several thousand years by the working people in China

(2) 書(shū)面體: While some old contradictions and confrontations have disappeared, new ones have cropped up, rendering our world neither tranquil nor peaceful.

口語(yǔ)體：While some old contradictions and confrontations have disappeared, new ones have cropped up; our world is neither tranquil nor peaceful.

(3) 書(shū)面體: The gap between the North and the South continue to widen, with the rich countries becoming richer and the poor poorer.

口語(yǔ)體：The gap between the North and the South continue to widen. The rich countries are becoming richer and the poor poorer.

(4) 書(shū)面體: The capital of the People's Republic of China, Beijing is the country's political, economic, and cultural center.

口語(yǔ)體：Beijing is the capital of the People's Republic of China and the country's political, economic, and cultural center.