在上面段落中，代詞it共用到兩次，用來代指“daydreaming”。代詞的使用使得整個(gè)段落前后更加呼應(yīng),連貫性更強(qiáng)。 又如：

(1)Tom finished his drink at a gulp, wondered about another, decided not. (2) His career might be slithering downhill, his book might be choking itself to death, but he still had Thea. (3) And this, he knew as he looked at his glass, was no way to keep her. (4) He knew it, and yet he kept slipping away from his resolution. (5) How else did you blot out the feeling of failure?

(6)But the subconscious was a real devil，eating away at him. (7 ) No matter how determinedly he dropped the hours and disappointments out of his conscious mind，they only sank below the surface，and lay there.

上文中，（1)是主題句，為全段提供心理背景；（2)以兩個(gè)平行結(jié)構(gòu)承接上文,并以過渡詞but表示意義轉(zhuǎn)折；（3)用過渡詞and表示意義引申，并用指示詞this承接上文（所指）；（4)中的and yet表示意義轉(zhuǎn)折；（5)用else承接上句（所指）；（6)是第二段的主題句，以but為承上啟下的過渡詞；（7)通過近義詞重復(fù)（conscious/subconscious)承接上文。在這短短的百十個(gè)詞的兩段話里，單單第三人稱代詞就出現(xiàn)了16次之多:其中he(指Tom)出現(xiàn)6次，his6次，him 1次，her(指Thea)1次，it(指上句）1次，they (指上文the hurts and disappointments) 1次?？梢姶~在組成連貫、統(tǒng)一、合乎邏輯的段落方面起著多么大的作用。

需要注意的是，在使用代詞達(dá)到段落連貫時(shí)，代詞和它所代的名詞（所指）一定要在性、數(shù)、人稱上保持一致。看下面的例子：

It rained day and night for two weeks. The basement flooded and everything was under water. It spoiled all our calculations.

在這三句話中，第三句中的“it”一詞到底指代什么并不清楚，因而會(huì)造成歧義。修改后的下面這句 話所表達(dá)的意思就很清楚了 ：

The event of raining and flooding led to the physical destruction of certain documents in which our calculations were recorded.

5.使用平行結(jié)構(gòu)

平行結(jié)構(gòu)的使用是一種修辭手法，通過重復(fù)使用相同的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu),其中既有詞匯的重復(fù)，又有純粹的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)的重復(fù)。它不但能使段落節(jié)奏勻稱，還可以引起讀者的注意,使讀者順利地理解全段內(nèi)容， 起到強(qiáng)調(diào)的作用。

請(qǐng)看下面段落：

Parents spend much money and time on their children. They do their best to make the children enjoy a higher standard of living than they themselves do. They want their children to leam many skills, such as painting, English, playing the violin or the piano, and so on. Children are forced to do what they are not really interested in. They have no adequate time to play. They can，t get along well with other children. They don’t know how to express themselves. As a result, some children are not psychologically healthy, and fail to fulfill their parents’ desires.

本段可以分為兩個(gè)層次:第一個(gè)層次說明“Parents spend much money and time on their children. ”用 兩個(gè)相同句式 “They do their best to make their children...” 和 “They want their children to...” 來對(duì)此作進(jìn) 一步說明和論證。第二個(gè)層次說明 “Children are forced to do what they are not really interested in. ” 作者 用了三個(gè)相同的句式“They have no..., They can’t...，They don’t...”對(duì)此作進(jìn)一步的說明和論證。

又如：

It is bad manners to interrupt anyone who is reciting or speaking. It is bad manners to wave the hand in the air to attract the teacher’s attention. It is bad manners to show an excessive eagerness to recite and show off your knowledge or cleverness. It is also bad manners to keep silent when the teacher asks you a question. If you do not know the answer, say so immediately； if you do, give it in a distinct voice so that all the class may hear.

本段的主題句在段落末尾處，前面用了三個(gè)相同的句式“It is bad manners to...”的平行句子結(jié)構(gòu)， 這種平行句子結(jié)構(gòu)的運(yùn)用能引起讀者充分注意，同時(shí)也使段落更加富有感染力。