To get over these difficulties, I have worked out a plan. I plan to read one or two pages of English，such as China Daily ,21st Century English or some easy novels, in order to memorize the words on the one hand and keep in touch with the current news on the other. I will try to keep a diary in English and practice writing at least twice a week. And finally I will try to listen to English cassettes two or three days. I believe that so long as I practice, I will be able to read, write, and understand better.

 

修改之后的這篇文章,首段第一句提出主題“many difficulties”，之后分別對這些困難進行闡釋，并且每一個困難都提到了“造成這一困難的原因”；第二段提出解決這些困難的三個計劃。文章有頭有 尾，理由闡釋恰當，與修改之前相比較，增色很多。 

 

(三）連貫性 

好的段落除了必須具有統(tǒng)一性和完整性外,句與句、字與字之間還要有連貫性,要達到此點，便需要做出適當排序，如果一個段落內(nèi)句子不統(tǒng)一，則即使有連貫性也沒用；反之,若沒有聯(lián)系的句子亂成一團，就算全部與主旨有關(guān),也難以讓讀者看懂，所以段落的連貫性也至關(guān)重要。 連貫性包括:意連，即內(nèi)在的邏輯性;形連,如使用統(tǒng)一時態(tài)、過渡性詞語、恰當?shù)拇~替代等方式。 兩者常常不可分割，只有形連而沒有意連,句子之間沒有內(nèi)在的有機聯(lián)系;反之，只有意連而沒有形連， 行文會顯得不夠流暢。 要保證段落的連貫性,常用的方法有以下幾種：

a.使用同一時態(tài)

如果隨意而毫無理由地改變時態(tài),那么不管作者連句的技巧多么高超，段落也不可能取得連貫性。 在寫作時，可以使用現(xiàn)在時或過去時，但具體選用哪一種時態(tài)取決于作者處理材料的方式。下面段落 就出現(xiàn)了不必要的時態(tài)改變：

In the movie, Robert Redford was a spy. He goes to his office where he found everybody dead. Other spies wanted to kill him，so he takes refuge with Julie Christie.

b.使用過渡性詞組

過渡性詞組是段落的紐帶，巧妙得體地使用過渡詞，可以把整個段落的各個句子有機地連接起來。 過渡詞能使段落啟、承、轉(zhuǎn)、合等融會貫通，連成一體。如：

I can’t have any pets because my mother hates them. Besides，out apartment is too small. Also，pigs need a lot of love. Still，it’s a great place to visit. I'm lucky to be here for my six-month English course. Predicting the future can be difficult as well as embarrassing.

在上面段落中，過渡性詞組“besides，also, still, as well as”的使用，使這一段落有機連接起來。

對于過渡性詞組的種類、例子以及作用等，在下面的章節(jié)中我們會分門別類地詳細展開論述，這里 就不再詳細論述了。

c.重復(fù)使用關(guān)鍵詞或短語

重復(fù)可以是原詞、原句的重復(fù)，也可以是概念的重復(fù)。重復(fù)的使用，必然使人把眼前的句子與前面 的句子聯(lián)系起來，如同用一根線將整個段落貫穿成一個整體，從而達到連貫性。如：

Most television drama is about finding the criminal ： as soon as he is arrested，the story is over. However， in real life, finding criminals (原詞的重復(fù)）is seldom much of the problem. Having made an arrest(概念的 重復(fù)），a detective really starts to work.

又如下面段落：

Until recently daydreaming was viewed as a waste of time. Or it was considered as unhealthy escape from real life and its duties. But now some people are taking a fresh look at daydreaming(原詞重復(fù))? And it may be that more people are suffering from a lack of daydreaming (原詞重復(fù))than are suffering from too much of it.

d.正確處理“替代和所指”

除了以上提到的手段外，替代和所指同樣可以起到連句成段，保持段落連貫性的作用。 代詞是很重要的關(guān)系指引詞，它們不僅能指明句子內(nèi)部某些詞之間的關(guān)系，而且能溝通和建立句 子和句子之間意義上的聯(lián)系，從而使段落中前后句子的意義有邏輯、有條理地聯(lián)系起來。利用代詞指 代前面提到的名詞，可以起到承上啟下的作用。如：

Until recently daydreaming was viewed as a waste of time. Or it was considered as unhealthy escape from real life and its duties. But now some people are taking a fresh look at daydreaming. And it may be that more people are suffering from a lack of daydreaming than are suffering from too much of it.